The Process of Cleaning Solar Panels: A Detailed Exploration
Solar panels are an increasingly essential part of the UK’s move towards renewable energy. As the demand for solar power continues to grow, ensuring that panels operate at their peak efficiency becomes more important. One of the most significant factors in maintaining that efficiency is cleaning. Dirt, dust, and debris can significantly reduce the amount of sunlight absorbed by the panels, diminishing energy production. Therefore, it’s crucial to understand the process of cleaning solar panels, the materials involved, the tools used, and the importance of adopting the right techniques to preserve panel performance.
Why Clean Solar Panels?
The primary reason for cleaning solar panels is to maintain their efficiency. A study from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in the United States has shown that dirt accumulation can reduce solar panel output by up to 20%. In the UK, this becomes even more relevant due to the often damp and overcast weather, which can lead to the growth of organic material like moss or algae. This organic matter, combined with dirt and dust, can obstruct the sunlight that the panels absorb. Therefore, regular cleaning is vital to ensure that solar panels continue to produce optimal amounts of electricity.
Another reason for cleaning solar panels is to prolong their lifespan, as solar panels have became popular for energy sources. Over time, accumulated dirt and stains may cause permanent damage to the panels’ surfaces if left untreated. As solar panels are designed to last 25-30 years, it’s essential to preserve their condition throughout their lifespan.
Materials Used for Cleaning Solar Panels
To ensure that cleaning doesn’t damage the panels or leave any residue that could hinder their performance, specific materials and solutions are used in the cleaning process.
Pure Water and De-ionised Water
The use of pure water or de-ionised water (DI water) is considered the gold standard in our Edinburgh solar panel cleaning service. DI water is free of impurities, minerals, and salts that are often found in tap water. Using pure water prevents the formation of water spots or mineral deposits on the surface of the solar panels, which could block sunlight from reaching the photovoltaic cells.
The process typically involves water-fed pole systems that deliver DI water to the panels. According to Solar Power World, these systems are highly efficient, as they prevent streaks and spots from forming after cleaning. The DI water flows through a soft brush attached to the end of a long pole, which is used to scrub the panel’s surface gently. This process ensures that there is no damage to the panels while effectively removing debris.
The use of DI water is particularly important in the UK, where water hardness can vary significantly depending on the region. Hard water, which is common in areas like the Midlands, can leave limescale deposits if used for cleaning, making DI water a preferable choice.
Biodegradable Cleaning Solutions
While DI water can handle most dust and debris, stubborn stains, such as bird droppings or algae growth, may require the use of biodegradable cleaning solutions. One example is Biocode, a non-toxic, eco-friendly cleaning product specifically designed for solar panels. These biodegradable solutions break down organic material without harming the panels or the environment.
The use of biodegradable cleaners is important for maintaining the sustainability of solar energy systems. As more households and businesses in the UK embrace solar power, the demand for environmentally friendly cleaning products has increased. By opting for biodegradable solutions, solar panel cleaning ensures that no harmful residues are left behind, preserving the surrounding ecosystem.
Cleaning Tools and Techniques
The tools and techniques used to clean solar panels vary depending on the size of the installation, the type of panels, and the environment. There are several professional systems and methods that have been developed to provide safe and efficient cleaning.
Water-Fed Pole Systems
Water-fed pole systems are one of the most common tools used for cleaning solar panels. These poles can reach heights of up to 12 metres, making them ideal for cleaning solar panels on residential rooftops. The pole is equipped with a soft-bristled brush and an integrated system that continuously feeds purified water through the brush. The combination of gentle scrubbing and pure water helps remove dirt and debris without damaging the panel’s surface.
For residential solar panel cleaning, this is the most efficient method available. It doesn’t require scaffolding or ladders, making it safer for the technician and reducing the risk of accidents. Moreover, using water-fed poles ensures that the cleaning process remains gentle and effective, without harsh chemicals that might damage the panels.
Cherry Pickers and Scissor Lifts for Commercial Installations
For larger commercial solar panel installations, cherry pickers or scissor lifts are often used to access panels mounted at great heights. These machines can raise workers safely to the necessary height, providing them with the ability to clean panels efficiently. The use of cherry pickers and lifts is particularly common for solar farms or commercial buildings with large arrays of panels on the roof.
While these machines provide access to hard-to-reach panels, they can be costly to operate and require more time for setup. However, they are indispensable for cleaning large-scale solar installations where water-fed poles or ladders would be impractical.
Rotary Machines with Pressure Washers
For industrial-scale solar panel cleaning, rotary machines that are connected to pressure washers have become an advanced solution. These machines are equipped with soft, rotating heads that are designed to gently scrub the surface of the panels while high-pressure water helps remove dirt and stains. The combination of soft bristles and water pressure allows the system to clean efficiently without damaging the photovoltaic cells.
These machines are typically used for solar farms or commercial buildings with large numbers of panels. According to Solar Maintenance Solutions, rotary machines significantly reduce the amount of manual labour required, making them a cost-effective solution for large-scale solar panel cleaning.
Safety and Environmental Considerations
When cleaning solar panels, it is important to consider both safety and environmental impact. Harsh chemicals, abrasive brushes, or high-pressure water jets can damage the delicate surface of solar panels, which can result in decreased efficiency or even costly repairs. For this reason, it’s crucial to use soft-bristled brushes, low-pressure water, and environmentally friendly cleaning solutions.
In terms of safety, working at height poses a significant risk to workers. Using cherry pickers, scissor lifts, and water-fed poles reduces the need for ladders and provides a safer environment for cleaning technicians. Moreover, cleaning solar panels on windy days or during periods of direct sunlight should be avoided. Cleaning during hot, sunny weather can cause water to evaporate too quickly, leaving streaks on the panels that could affect performance.
